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Animal Colour Transformations! A March Mini Challenge

This is an optional mini challenge for our UNO players.

We have given you a list of 9 animals that can change colour. You can read up to 5 books per animal using the descriptions as inspiration.

â—� One book per animal must relate to one of its colours by reading a book with that coloured cover
â—� One book per animal must relate to its location by reading a book based in that location's country or with an author that lives, or was born in, that country.
â—� The remaining three books must relate to a characteristic of the animal in some way as per the description given - get creative!

Example
Animal - Arctic Hare
Description - In the Canadian regions of Newfoundland and southern Labrador, the Arctic hare changes its coat color, moulting and growing new fur, from brown or grey in the summer to white in the winter, like some other Arctic animals including ermine and ptarmigan, enabling it to remain camouflaged as the environment changes
Books to read:
1. Colour cover - could be a brown, grey or white cover
2. Location - could be based in Canada or by a Canadian author
3-5. Characteristic - get creative! Find a book with ermine in the text, where someone changes their appearance, buys a coat in a new colour, where an environment changes (e.g. flood/fire/war), where the book moves through the seasons of summer to winter etc.
ÌýÌýÌýNote: You can use the colour cover or location a second time as a characteristic, but only one of these not both.


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â—� Each book read can only be used for one task.
â—� For each book read you receive 10 points.
â—� If you complete all 45 tasks, your team will receive 30 bonus points.
â—� Books can be started at any point since the start of the UNO challenge (Feb 1)
â—� Books need to be finished after the start of this mini challenge on March 15, 9am UTC. Countdown is here:
and before April 1 at 9am UTC (When the April month of UNO begins)

â—� Books used for this mini challenge do not need to be separate books for what you are claiming for your UNO hands
â—� The usual book length rules apply
â—� Team spreadsheets will be updated with a mini challenge tab so that you can track your books and claim your points
â—� The books you are reading for each animal MUST relate to the description given and not any other sources. (So, for example, reading a green cover for chameleon is not valid as green isn't given as a colour in the description).

Animals

Alaskan hare
In the summer, Alaskan hares have a brown fur coat with white under parts. In the winter, they have a white fur coat with black-tipped ears. They also shed their grey-brown summer topcoat, becoming all white during the winter. Also known as the tundra hare, the Alaskan is one of the largest species of hares and are basically solitary except during late winter. Their ears are short compare to most hares and their hind feet are large and fur covered to aid in movement over snowy terrain.

Arctic hare
In the Canadian regions of Newfoundland and southern Labrador, the Arctic hare changes its coat color, moulting and growing new fur, from brown or grey in the summer to white in the winter, like some other Arctic animals including ermine and ptarmigan, enabling it to remain camouflaged as the environment changes. The Arctic hare has large claws on all four feet, but the ones on its hind legs are unusually long, allowing it to dig into packed ice and snow and build a hole for protection as it flees danger and predators. It can also hop on its back legs like a kangaroo. In the winter, Arctic hares mostly live in groups, and in the worst cold temperatures, living in groups allows Arctic hares to huddle for warmth. This union also allows them to see predators coming up on them and elude them.

Chameleons
Mostly live in the rain forests and deserts of Africa and come in many colours such as pink, blue, orange and turquoise. Colour change signals a chameleon's physiological condition and intentions to other chameleons. Because chameleons are ectothermic, they change colour also to regulate their body temperatures, either to a darker colour to absorb light and heat to raise their temperature, or to a lighter colour to reflect light and heat, thereby either stabilizing or lowering their body temperature. Chameleons can move their eyes separatelywhich means they can see predators coming from behind them, giving them a chance to scarper if they’re about to get caught. Excluding their tail, some chameleons� tongues can be twice the length of their body. Their tongues consist of both muscles and bones, and can bend round to grab their pray. The majority of chameleons survive by eating insects, and some complement this diet by feeding on foliage and fruits. Some larger species eat up to 50 large crickets every day. Others may be a little more carnivorous, and feast on small birds and even other, smaller chameleons.

Anoles
Native to the Americas, the majority of anoles (Dactyloidae) can change their colour depending on things like emotions (for example, aggression or stress), activity level, levels of light and as a social signal (for example, displaying dominance) from bright green to various shades of brown. They are tree dwelling lizards and most have enlarged finger and toe pads that are covered with microscopic hooks. These clinging pads, together with sharp claws, enable them to climb, even over a smooth surface, with great speed and agility. Anoles have venom glands that manufacture a very weak, harmless venom.

Peron's Tree Frog
Also known as the emerald-spotted tree frog, emerald-speckled tree frog, laughing tree frog, and maniacal cackle frog, is species of tree frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae. Peron's tree frog is one of the most variably coloured frogs in Australia, with the ability to change colour in less than one hour. They don't like to be handled for long periods of time. They also vary in shades of grey and brown, where their lightest is almost white. The frog has mottled yellow and black thighs, armpits, and groin. Occasionally, emerald spots are found on the back, which increase in number with age.

Cephalopods
Can change their colours and patterns in milliseconds, whether for signalling (both within the species and for warning) or active camouflage, as their chromatophores are expanded or contracted. Although colour changes appear to rely primarily on vision input, there is evidence that skin cells, specifically chromatophores, can detect light and adjust to light conditions independently of the eyes. They camouflage themselves by creating colour patterns that closely match the underlying seafloor (hint: this means your book needs to have some kind of pattern as the cover colour). Cephalopods live everywhere in the oceans: near the shore in shallow water; far from land in the open ocean; in the ocean's dark middle depths (the planet's largest habitat); and in the deep sea. (hint: your location needs to be on water, unless you can find an author born at, or living at, sea) Cephalopods get their name from the Greek word “kephalópoda� meaning “head-feet�, because their arms encircle their heads. Both squid and cuttlefish are known as ten-armed cephalopods because they have eight short arms and two long tentacles.

Flower spiders
Also called crab spiders change their colour, usually to hide from their prey. Consequently, the spiders change colour to resemble the flower surface on which they sit through the reflection of light. Some spiders release a yellow pigment that enhances their color changing process. An example of a species of spider with such color changing features is Misumenoides formosipes and Misumena vatia. The color change from white to yellow takes 10-25 days. Hence, the flower spiders patiently wait for the completion of the process before they can attack their prey. They are small to medium size with colours of green, yellow, white, brown and grey. Most of them are not hairy except a few species. Their legs held in crab-like position and can move forward, backward or sideways. They are common in Australia and also found throughout New Zealand.

Golden Tortoise Beetle
Is a species of beetle in the leaf beetle family, native to the Americas. Adults can turn from shiny gold through reddish-brown. The color changes through its development, during mating, and during times of disturbance, such as when it is touched by a human researcher. This beetle consumes foliage of plants in the family Convolvulaceae, including bindweeds, morning glory and sweet potato. Both adults and larvae feed on foliage. These beetles play dead when disturbed.

Chrysso spiders
A genus of comb-footed spiders. has been introduced to Europe, and occurs both in North America and in Asia from Hungary to Mongolia. Many species are strikingly colored, but the coloration is variable. C. compressahas a striking black sternum and abdomen, but the venter of Brazilian species is black, while those of Peru are yellow. C. venusta has been observed to rapidly change its color when disturbed. Females are about 9 millimetres (0.35 in) long, and have blade-like hairs on the tip of the abdomen.

Mini tab for spreadsheet:

Questions?

Ask your captains who will check in the captains group