Kindle Notes & Highlights
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May 8 - June 17, 2020
Ukrainian nationalists inhabited a social and political world that had been penetrated by communism. The Ukrainian nationalists� mode of expression was sufficiently similar to that of the Soviets that the Germans and local Orthodox bishops could treat them as Bolsheviks in public pronouncements, or at least as a Bolshevik provocation.94 Soviet partisans quickly realized that they had fallen into a propaganda war with a worthy adversary.
Józewski arranged discussions between Polish and Ukrainian partisans. He served as an intermediary in an abortive attempt to bring a Ukrainian politician into the Polish National Council. Finally, he worked to organize a unit of the Polish Home Army in Volhynia that would fight, he hoped, side by side with Ukrainians against the Red Army at some future point.26 The experience of German and Soviet occupation, Józewski seemed to believe, had brought Poles and Ukrainians in Volhynia closer together. This was by no means the opinion of the Polish government, and was certainly an error.
These accords, reached without the presence or consent of Poles, left Poland in the Soviet sphere of interest. Perhaps he recalled the Treaty of Riga, which ended the Polish-Bolshevik War in 1921, and left most of Ukraine under Bolshevik control. Józewski had worked to persuade Ukrainians in Poland and in the Soviet Union to believe that, some day, war would come and everything could change again. Perhaps the world of Yalta could be resisted, just as the world of Riga had been. As far as Józewski was concerned, both were unjust, Poland was not innocent, and Poland’s duty to Ukraine and itself
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