Porter Broyles

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Porter is Currently Reading

Porter Broyles is currently reading

Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898

by Edwin G. Burrows

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"The book starts off a little slow. It bombards the reader with a ton of facts that are background, but doesn't formulate the world enough to conceptualize how the events interact.

After about 10% of the book, it improves. Still a lot of details, but once the world of NYC starts to come into focus, it does improve.

Still, the level of detail obfuscates the enjoyability of the story." — Mar 19, 2024 02:25PM

Feb 17, 2024 07:44PM

Porter Broyles is currently reading

Dukes of Duval County: The Parr Family and Texas Politics

by Anthony R. Carrozza

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Oct 19, 2023 09:40AM

Porter鈥檚 Notes & Highlights

Book cover for The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality (The Texas Bookshelf)

The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality (The Texas Bookshelf) by Martha Menchaca

7 notes & 21 highlights

their establishments as they pleased. By law, business owners and members of organizations and clubs could exclude any person

Old idea of "We refuse the right to serve anyone here for any reason."

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Porter鈥檚 Quotes

“In Pecos County, the county commissioners banned people of Latin American descent from using community swimming pools reserved for whites. Attorneys for the consul-general of Mexico informed Governor Stevenson that the Pecos ordinance was unlawful because under federal law, a segregation ordinance could not be enforced in a government-owned facility. Segregation ordinances were legal only if they involved private property. Because the swimming pools in question were owned by the county and the ordinance had been passed by county officials, the commissioners were clearly violating federal law. Furthermore,”
― Martha Menchaca, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality

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“During oral arguments, Howard Wimberley, assistant attorney general for Texas, presented the state鈥檚 two-class theory, which had been used in previous trials to explain why Mexican Americans were not called for jury duty. Wimberley argued that in Texas there were only two races, Blacks and whites, and only Blacks on occasion needed the government鈥檚 protection from hostile whites.”
― Martha Menchaca, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality

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“After the Brown ruling, Garc铆a and S谩nchez wanted to work with African Americans to desegregate schools. But they met stiff opposition from conservative LULAC and GI Forum members, who instead favored working with the state government to desegregate only the Mexican schools. At the time, Mexican American and African American coalitions were rare, organized mainly during elections to support candidates who opposed segregation. For”
― Martha Menchaca, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality

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“Overall, out of the nineteen senior public colleges in Texas, seven had desegregated by 1959, and twelve refused to do so. Desegregation”
― Martha Menchaca, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality

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“1948 in the case of Perez v. Sharp, the California Supreme Court removed Catholics from the state鈥檚 antimiscegenation laws. Andrea P茅rez, a Mexican American, and Sylvester Davis, an African American, had been prohibited from marrying due to California鈥檚 antimiscegenation laws.102 Under California law, a mixed-Caucasian could marry anyone, but a person who was white could not marry an African American. Because the Los Angeles County Clerk鈥檚 Office considered Andrea to be a non-mixed Caucasian of Mexican heritage, she was prohibited from marrying Sylvester.103 Andrea and Sylvester sought legal counsel from the Southern California chapter of the ACLU, which at that time was working with the Catholic Interracial Council of Los Angeles to challenge California鈥檚 antimiscegenation laws.”
― Martha Menchaca, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality

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